The most common type of heart surgery for adults is coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). During CABG, a healthy artery or vein from the body is connected, or grafted, to a blocked coronary (heart) artery. Doctors also use heart surgery to. Repair or replace heart valves, which control blood flow through the heart.

Cardiac surgery is a surgery on the heart and/or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. Frequently, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, coronary artery bypass grafting), correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease caused by various causes including endocarditis. It also includes heart transplantation.

Cardiac Surgery, today has evolved into a service which is in demand everywhere especially in India and the developing world. Operating on the most Central Organ of the body demands the best of Human Resources, Technical Skills, Equipment, and Team effort. There are no margins for error. World class cardiac centers in India have a mortality of less than 1% in uncomplicated Cardiac Surgery. The Cardiac Surgery has become a specialty in India with the latest technological advances and ethical management practices.

Complication risk reduction

A researcher found evidence that preoperative physical therapy reduced postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery such as pneumonia and atelectasis.In addition, the researchers found that preoperative physical therapy decreased the length of hospital stay (on average by more than three days).

There is also evidence that quitting smoking at least four weeks before the date of a surgery may reduce the risk of postoperative complications.

Additionally, investigators have identified that even simple maneuvers such as preventing chest tubes from clogging, which can result in retaine blood syndrome, post operative a trial fillibration, and infection, can reduce costs and complications in patients recovering from heart surgery.